Gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a naturally occurring amino acid that works as a neurotransmitter in your brain. Neurotransmitters function as chemical messengers in the nervous system. GABA is considered an inhibitory neurotransmitter throughout the central nervous system. It limits nerve transmission by preventing the stimulation of neurons.
Why do people take GABA supplements?
GABA’s natural calming effect on the brain has led to countless claims about the use of GABA supplements to reduce stress. Too much stress is linked to poor sleep, a weaker immune system, and a higher risk of depression, among other things.
In addition, people with certain medical conditions may have lower levels of GABA. Some of these conditions include:
- Seizure Disorders
- Movement Disorders,
- Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
- Anxiety
- Mood Disorders, such as Depression
Some people with these conditions take GABA supplements to help manage their symptoms, such as:
- Improve Mood
- Relieve Anxiety
- Improve Sleep
- Help with Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS)
They may also take GABA to try to:
- Relieve pain or discomfort from injuries
- Increase tolerance to exercise
- Lower blood pressure
- Burn fat
- Increase the growth of lean muscle mass
While this makes sense in theory, there hasn’t been much evidence to suggest that GABA supplements can help with these conditions.
Are GABA supplements safe?
Overall, there has not been enough research to uncover the side effects of GABA supplements. Not enough is known about how GABA may interact with drugs, foods, or other herbs and supplements.
For this reason, be sure to tell your doctor about any supplements you’re taking, even if they’re natural. That way, your doctor can check on any potential side effects or interactions with medications, foods, or other herbs and supplements. They can let you know if the supplement might raise your risks.
Can you get GABA naturally from foods?
You cannot get GABA naturally from foods. But a variety of foods contain substances such as flavonoids that influence how GABA works in the brain. These foods include:
- Fruits
- Vegetables
- Teas
- Red wine
The bottom line
GABA has an important role in our bodies as a chemical messenger. But when used as a supplement, its role is less clear.
Some research shows that it may be an option to help reduce stress, fatigue, anxiety, and insomnia. But many of these studies are small, outdated, or both. More evidence is needed to better understand the potential benefits of taking GABA.
If you are experiencing symptoms of anxiety or depression, before self-treating with over-the-counter GABA supplements (which as of yet have limited research to support their benefits), talk to your healthcare provider. Mood and anxiety disorders are complex and require professionally directed treatment.